Sabtu, 12 November 2016

Making small talk and developing a conversation



It’s called making small talk, and almost all of us are compelled to do it on occasion.
“Is it still hot out there?”
“Did you watch the game last night?”
“How was your weekend?”
If you dismiss making small talk as fluffy and frivolous, we have news for you: Small talk isn’t necessarily small — or at least the purpose it serves isn’t.
In fact, chitchat at the water cooler can make you seem accessible instead of stuffy. Making small talk allows admin professionals to show who they are, to let their personality shine through to others.
Let’s take a closer look at why this is important and the value of an effective small talk conversation in the office, at professional events and when searching for a new job. Along the way, you can grab some tips for mastering the art of small talk and feeling comfortable engaging in it.

Why make the effort to chitchat?

Making small talk can pay big dividends when it comes to your career. Here are some benefits of taking the time to engage in a small talk conversation:

Creating rapport

Though small talk topics are light and relatively insubstantial (hey, that’s why it’s called small talk), the very act of making small talk can create connection and rapport with your colleagues, supervisor, outside clients and business vendors. Small talk can become the bridge that leads to feelings of trust and comfort with others.
Small talk is especially important for administrative professionals, who are often the face of the company or department. It’s a soft skill, along with other forms of communication, that can lead to deeper discussions and stronger bonds with others in your current job — or with hiring managers if you’re trying to land a new position.

Improving mood

Research from the University of Arizona has shown that people’s feelings of well-being are generally higher when engaged in any kind of talking compared with when they are silent. While the research showed that discussing more substantive, meaningful topics produced the highest mood lift, idle chitchat (say about food or the weather) was also found to increase happiness.

Boosting brain power

A study by University of Michigan researchers found that friendly short-term social interactions — in other words, a small talk conversation — boosted performance and problem-solving ability. Even basic “get-to-know-you” chatter resulted in cognitive boosts.

Tips for being better at making small talk

Making small talk doesn’t come naturally to everyone. If you’re an introvert, networking and other professional events that involve schmoozing may feel intimidating. Even extraverts may try to avoid this type of conversation when they can.
Whether you’re apprehensive about making small talk or can’t wait to get started, these tactics can help get the ball rolling:

Watch for signs

Some situations invite a small talk conversation while others offer red flags that suggest it’s probably best to skip it. Learning to distinguish the difference can have a major effect on the success of your efforts at making small talk.
Whether with strangers at an industry event, during the job search process or with colleagues in the office, keep an eye out for body language that suggests people are open to small talk — as well as signs that they’d rather keep to themselves. For example, if someone makes eye contact with you, it’s likely a sign that he or she is eager to chat. If someone deliberately avoids eye contact, is trying to concentrate or looks away consistently when you try to connect, then the person is probably not in the mood.
Want to get better at reading the subtle signs and signals of your colleagues and coworkers? Download Business Sense: Putting Your Intuition to Work for the insight you need.

Practice the basics

When it comes to your own “small talk signals,” a little eye contact can go a long way in helping you initiate a connection with someone. It takes time to develop this skill and make it seem natural, but it’s definitely worthwhile. Practice in a low-risk environment, like with trusted friends or colleagues, before taking it “on the road.”
Also try to keep the conversational focus on the other person to avoid becoming too self-conscious — you might even drop a sincere compliment if you can do so naturally.
When it comes to phone interviews or video interviews via Skype, making small talk can be appropriate at the outset when trying to build rapport with your interviewer.

Find common ground

Small talk isn’t about having difficult conversations or bringing up controversial topics. In fact, that’s the exact opposite of small talk! Successfully making small talk is all about establishing an authentic connection, and a great way to get there is to find something you have in common with another person.
Once you’ve found a common issue, be careful not to overshare and dominate the conversation with your own views about it. If you can get the other person talking and can be a good listener, you’ll have a better chance of developing sincere rapport. The small talk topics below will help you identify likely areas of mutual interest.

Key small talk topics

If you’re nervous about making small talk, it can help to have some ready-to-go small talk topics up your sleeve. Remember, your goal of starting a small talk conversation is to build rapport by identifying something that you have in common with the other person.
Whether you’re trying to work the room, in the first awkward moments of a job interview or riding the elevator with your supervisor, these small talk topics can help break the ice:

Background

Most people love an opportunity to talk about themselves, and they’ll have a positive impression of you if you give them this chance.
Asking polite general questions about someone’s background can be an easy way of making small talk. Questions about where the person grew up, went to school or has traveled are fair game, as are queries about what brought him or her to the area if you’re meeting at an event.

Industry

Shoptalk is an instant connecter when you’re in a professional situation and is a great way to discover quick commonality. If you’re at a networking event with people in different industries, asking someone about what they do and sharing what you do as an administrative professional can bridge the gap and turn strangers into acquaintances.
You might ask what company they work for, what their roles are there or what made them choose their line of work. With current colleagues, you might ask their opinion about a departmental project or emerging topic within the administrative field.

Interests

If you can discover an outside activity that you have in common with someone, you’ll be off to the races in your small talk conversation.
Before meeting with a hiring manager or talking to a recruiter during your job search, it can pay to check LinkedIn to see if the profile gives clues as to the person’s outside interests. If you aren’t sure about a colleague’s or conference attendee’s interests, stick with general questions about hobbies, sports, vacations or other outside pursuits.
In short, there’s a lot more to making small talk than meets the eye. As a form of communication that can grease the wheels to relationship building and open doors to professional opportunities as an admin, you would be wise to master the art of small talk.
Source :
https://www.roberthalf.com/officeteam/blog/how-to-get-better-at-making-small-talk

Asking for and giving opinions



Salah satu materi yang cukup menarik untuk dibahas dalam bahasa Inggris adalah Asking For, Giving, Declining Opinions. Mengapa ? karena materi bahasa Inggris Asking For, Giving, Declining Opinions ini sangat sering kita jumpai dalam kehidupan sehari-hari kita. Kita berbelanja di toko sepatu atau baju bersama teman pasti secara tidak sadar kita telah mempraktikkan materi bahasa Inggris Asking For, Giving, Declining Opinions ini. Atau ketika kita bingung akan pergi liburan ke mana, tempat yang bagus untuk liburan ( holiday ) di mana, kita tentu menanyakan pendapat teman-teman yang lain. Di situ juga kita sudah menggunakan Asking For, Giving, Declining Opinions dalam kehidupan sehari-hari kita. Agar lebih memahami penggunaan Asking For, Giving, Declining Opinions bahasa Inggris  ini coba lihat contoh dalam bahasa gaul tentang Asking For, Giving, Declining Opinions bahasa Inggris berikut ini. 


Suatu saat mungkin ada teman kita yang mempunyai baju baru atau motor baru, kemudian teman kita menanyai kita tentang baju atau motor barunya. “ Hey kamu, gimana menurut kamu motor saya ? Ini Supra keluaran terbaru loohh…, “ Hey Ali, lihat nih baju yang telah dibelikan ibu sama saya, baguskan ?”, “ saya bingung nih, mau liburan ke mana ? Kira-kira tempat yang bagus buat dikunjungi ke mana yaa ?” Nah, semua contoh yang saya berikan di atas adalah contoh Asking For Opinions yang dalam bahasa Indonesianya ( Meminta Pendapat ).
Asking for Opinions
Giving Opinions
Declining Opinions
What is your idea ?
I think …………
Sorry. I don’t have one.
How is your feel ?
We had better ……..
I have different opinions.
Do you think it’s OK if I hit him ?
I think so.
I don’t think it’s a good idea
What is your opinion about my problem ?
To my mind……
I don’t think so. In my view….
Do you have any idea ?
In my opinion…..
I disagree with your idea…..
What do you think of….?
Yeah. I like it.
I’m not with you..
The house is so excellent, isn’t it ?
You are right.
I’m not in the line with you.
Kemudian supaya lebih memahami materi bahasa Inggris Pengertian, Contoh, dan Soal/Latihan Asking For, Giving, Declining Opinions Bahasa Inggris  ini saya akan memberikan contoh tentang Giving Opinions. Setelah dimintai pendapat, kita tentu harus menjawabnya dong, kalau gak dijawab entar temen kita bisa marah. Hehehe. Dalam bahasa Inggris memberikan pendapat ini disebut ( Giving Opinions ). Seperti contoh di atas, kita dimintai pendapat kita dengan contoh kalimat “ Hey kamu, gimana menurut kamu motor saya ? Ini Supra keluaran terbaru loohh… Kita bisa memberikan pendapat ( Giving Opinions ) kita seperti ini “ Waah…luar biasaa..kereenn bangett Mas Brooo… Atau kalau temen-temen orangnya terlalu jujur, temen-temen juga bisa bilang “ Waaaahh… bagus banget Broo..tapi lebih bagus punya saya…” Ini juga bisa. Tapi siap-siap kena pukul. Yang penting kita memberikan pendapat kita terserah mau bagus atau jelek pendapat yang kita berikan itu adalah ( Giving Opinions).
Kemudian Declining Opinion ini adalah teman-teman kalau bahasa kasarnya sih menolak atau ketidak setujuan teman-teman tentang suatu pendapat. Misalnya si A mengajak liburan ke pantai karena ingin mencari pemandangan yang indah, tetapi si B tidak setuju dengan pendapat si A karena menganggap pantai itu panas, Si B mengatakan lebih baik liburan ke gunung. Atau si Ahmad mengatakan baju yang digunakan Dilla sangat bagus. Tetapi si Bayu mengatakan bahwa Baju Dilla itu kurang pas karena kebesaran. Nah, pendapat yang diutarakan Si B dan Si Bayu itu adalah contoh Declining Opinion. Jelaskan ? Oke supaya lebih jelas mengenai Pengertian, Contoh, dan Soal/Latihan Asking For, Giving, Declining Opinions Bahasa Inggris  yang saya bahas di blog ini perhatikan tabel Asking For, Giving, Declining Opinions Bahasa Inggris berikut ini :

Dengan memperhatikan tebel Asking For, Giving, Declining Opinions di atas, tentu akan memudahkan teman-teman memahami materi yang ada di blog saya yang berjudul Pengertian, Contoh, dan Soal/Latihan Asking For, Giving, Declining Opinions ini. Untuk semakin memberikan pemahaman teman-teman tentang Asking For, Giving, Declining Opinions ini, alangkah baiknya jika saya meberikan Contoh Asking For, Giving, Declining Opinions dalam bentuk diaolog seperti di bawah ini :

Alex : Mom, what dou you think of my watch ? ( Bu, bagaimana pendapatmu tentang jam tanganku ? )
Mom : Woow ! I think it’s very amazing. Who bought you the watch ? ( Woow ! Aku piker itu sangat luar biasa. Siapa yang membelikanmu ? )
Alex : I bought it myself. I have saved some of my pocket money to buy it. ( Aku membelinya sendiri. Aku menyimpan beberapa uang belanjaku untuk membelinya )
Mom : Great my Son ! ( Luar biasa anakku )

Kata yang berbunyi “what dou you think of my watch ?” adalah contoh dari Asking for Opinions ( meminta Pendapat )
Sedangkan kata yang berbunyi “think it’s very amazing” adalah contoh Giving Opinions.
Jika teman-teman sudah paham tentang Pengertian, Contoh, dan Soal/Latihan Asking For, Giving, Declining Opinions Bahasa Inggris ini, saya akan memberikan soal mengenai Asking For, Giving, Declining Opinions bahasa Inggris kepada teman-teman. Ayoo. Sampai sejauh mana pemahaman kalian tentang Asking For, Giving, Declining Opinions Bahasa Inggris.

1.     You and your friend is having a trip to  Safari park. Your friend think that the animal should be let free. You    disagree with his/her opinion.  
     Your partner                       : _______________________________________________________________
     You                                    : _______________________________________________________________
     Your partner                       : _______________________________________________________________
     You                                    : _______________________________________________________________
     Your partner                       : _______________________________________________________________
     You                                    : _______________________________________________________________
 
2

.      Dara : There are many airplane accident nowadays. What Do you think Yandar ?
Yandar : It shows the bad condition of the airplane business in Indonesia.
Dara : In your opinion, what  should the airlines do ?
Yandar : I think they should pay more attention to the quality of their planes and fliht services.
1.       What are the speakers talking about ?
a.       The sea accidents nowadays.
b.      The quality of airplanes in Indonesia.
c.       Many accidents nowadays.
d.      Many airplane accidents nowadays.

Discussing Progress



A. Pengertian Discussing Text

Sebelum berbicara mengenai structure, ciri-ciri discussion text dan contohnya, mari kita pelajari terlebih dahulu definisi dari discussion text dalam bahasa Inggris dan bahasa Indonesia. Di antara para ahli bahasa Inggris, mendefinisikan discussing text sebagai: “is a text which present a problematic discourse. This problem will be discussed from different viewpoints. Discussion is commonly found in philosophical, historic, and social text.” Jadi yang dimaksud dengan discussing text adalah sebuah tulisan yang memaparkan diskursus atau perdebatan sebuah masalah yang didiskusikan dari sudut pandang yang berbeda. Tulisan atau teks discussion ini biasanya kita dapati di dalam tulisan filsafat, sejarah dan sosial.

B. Tujuan Discussing Text



Tujuan komunikatif discussing text adalah untuk menyajikan sebuah isu atau informasi dengan memaparkan beberapa pendapat para pakar yang dibidangnya dan biasanya pendapat yang dipaparkan tersebut bertentangan (pro dan kontra).

C. Generic Structure Discussing Text

  1. Issue
    Bagian pertama dari generic structure discussion text adalah pemaparan tentang isu yang akan dibahas atau didiskusikan dalam tulisan tersebut.
  2. Argument For or Against
    Setelah itu, penulis menjelaskan beberapa pandangan terhadap isu yang sedang dibahas atau didiskusikan dengan mengambil pendapat para ahli atau juga tanpa menyebutkan siapa yang berpendapat tetapi pendapat itu memang sudah umum diketahui. Penulis biasanya akan memaparkan pendapat yang pro (argument for) baru disusul dengan pendapat yang kontra (argument against) pada paragraf berikutnya.
  3. Elaboration
    Sebelum mengambil sikap dengan menentukan pendapat mana yang lebih dipilih oleh penulis, atau bahkan memiliki pendapat sendiri, penulis harus terlebih dahulu memberikan elaborasi tentang beberapa pendapat yang telah dipaparkan.
  4. Conclusion atau Recomendation
    Generic structure discussion text yang terakhir adalah kesimpulan atau rekomendasi penulis terhadap isu yang sedang didiskusikan dengan harapan pembaca dapat mengikuti dan setuju dengan pendapat penulis.

D. Ciri-ciri Redaksi Discussing Text

  • Fokus pada peserta manusia dan non-manusia generik.
  • Menggunakan kata-kata yang membandingkan: kata sambung yang berlawanan misalnya, but, however, in other side dan konsekuensinya (sebab akibat) misalnya: so, then.
  • Menggunakan bahasa diskusi: According, opinion.
  • Menggunakan kata-kata berfikir seperti: feel, hope, believe.
  • Menggunakan Simple Present.

E. Contoh Discussing Text dan Penjelasannya

Example 1: The Advantage and Disadvantage of Nuclear Power
  1. Nuclear power is generated by using uranium which is a metal mined in various part of the world. The first large scale of nuclear power station was opened at Calder Hall in Cumbria, England in 1956.
  2. Some military ships and submarines have nuclear power plant for engine. Nuclear power produces around 11% of the world’s energy needed, and produces huge amounts of energy. It cause no pollution as we would get when burning fossil fuels. The advantages of nuclear plant are as follow:
    • It costs about the same coal, so it is not expansive to make.
    • It does not produce smoke or carbon dioxide, so it does not contribute to the greenhouse effect.
    • It produces huge amounts of energy from small amount of uranium.
    • It produces small amount of waste.
    • It is reliable.
  3. On the other hand, nuclear power is very dangerous. It must be sealed up and buried for many years to allow the radioactivity to die away. Furthermore, although it is reliable, a lot of money has to be spent on safety because if it does go wrong, a nuclear accident ca be a major accident.
  4. People are increasingly concerned about this matter. In the 1990’s nuclear power was the fastest growing source of power in many parts of the world.
Penjelasan:
  • Paragraf pertama: Issue, yang berisi pemaparan singkat penulis tentang penggunaan nuclear power (tenaga nuklir).
  • Paragraf kedua: Argument For, memaparkan tentang manfaat penggunaan tenaga nuklir, yang diantaranya adalah: Biayanya sama dengan batu bara, sehingga tidak mahal; Tidak banyak memproduksi asap yang menimbulkan karbon dioksida; Dapat memproduksi tenaga yang besar dengan sedikit uranium; Memproduksi sedikit limbah dan Mudah untuk digunakan.
  • paragraf ketiga: Argument Against, yang menerangkan bahayanya tenaga nuklir yaitu: Jika bocor, maka tenaga nuklir harus dikubur selama beberapa tahun agar radioaktifknya bisa hilang; Di samping itu, biaya yang dikeluarkan untuk pengamanan juga besar, karena jika terjadi kecelakaan, maka bisa menimbulkan bencana besar.
  • Paragraf ke empat: Elaboration, tentang pendalaman lebih jauh mengenai materi yang sedang diperdebatkan (nuclear power) bahwa pada tahun 1990 an, tenaga nuklir merupakan sumber energi yang berkembang cukup pesat di dunia.
  • Lalu dimana kesimpulan dan pendapat penulis? Pada teks ini, penulis memilih untuk tidak memberikan pendapatnya atau pun rekomendasinya terkait dengan penggunaan tenaga nuklir.